Beware of infectious diseases

The start of the festive season usually means a time to relax, slow down the pace and throw care to the winds. This is especially true for men, but a recent workshop hosted by the University of the West Indies' Faculty of Medical Sciences 19th annual research conference reminded us of infectious diseases on the prowl. Presentations were made on several infections that lay wait men as they join in the festivities. So watch out for sexually transmitted infections (STI), including HIV, cholera, leptospirosis and dengue.

Beware of unprotected sex

The frivolities at this time of year often provide opportunities for sexual intercourse with new or different partners. Beware of unprotected sex. This is a sure way to place yourself at high risk for an STI and HIV. At the workshop, we were told that the prevalence of HIV in Jamaica stands at 1.5 per cent. The epidemic continues to be fuelled by decreasing age of onset of sexual activity, multiple partners, non-use of condoms and sex tourism. About 65 per cent of persons with AIDS are between 20 and 44 years. Young girls in the 15 to 24 year old age group are two times more likely to have AIDS than boys in the same age group. More men in the age group 35 to 60 have AIDS than women in the same age range. So beware!

Contaminated food and water

The festivities provide more opportunities for men to eat outside their homes. Often the food and drink are free and plentiful. But beware of cholera and leptospirosis. At the workshop hosted by the faculty of medicine, we were told of how quickly cholera can be spread. It is characterised by 'rice water' diarrhoea which dehydrates and even kills with one loose bowel motion. There was also a presentation on leptospirosis which is spread by ingesting food or drink contaminated with urine from rats and other rodents. The presenter highlighted the link between climate and leptospirosis since most cases occur after the heavy rains in October. Leptospirosis may be confused with flu-like signs and symptoms and serious cases can result in jaundice and death. So be sure that your food and drink are safe!

Mosquitoes

Yuletide activities are often held at night and in the exterior. Workshop participants were reminded of the increased incidences of dengue and malaria. There was an islandwide outbreak of dengue in 2007. While the number of cases has declined significantly since then, cases continue to occur. So long sleeved clothing should be worn whenever men plan to spend time in the open, especially in areas known to be infested with mosquitoes. The workshop participants were also reminded of the re-emergence of malaria. So, enjoy yourselves this season, and may it be, the happiest time of the year!

Dr Pauline Williams-Green is a family physician and president of the Caribbean College of Family Physicians; email: yourhealth@gleanerjm.com.